GPS Vs. RFID

August 31, 2020 • 3 min read
GPS vs RFID Asset Tracking
Home 5 Asset Tagging 5 GPS Vs. RFID

When it comes to asset tracking, there are a lot of things you can do to automate your operations. Two of the most effective ways to automate asset tracking are GPS tracking and RFID tracking.

These two have some differences, however, and so, which is better?

While GPS gives you real-time updates, RFID allows you to track your assets hands-free.

 

RFID Asset Tracking

RFID asset tracking provides you with more automation than QR code asset management. RFID tags don’t require a line of sight, which means that you can use RFID tags to track high-value assets.

This gives a potential edge over GPS tracking, as GPS trackers are bulky and so won’t necessarily be the best option if you’re tracking wine bottles or paintings, for example.

There are a few different types of RFID asset tracking, too, so you’ll be able to decide what you opt into based on your budget.

 

Fixed RFID Reader Asset Tracking

The most automation you’ll get is if you opt for fixed RFID reader asset management. With fixed RFID readers, you’ll be able to track and manage which locations your assets are moving between with ease.

You’ll set up fixed RFID readers in certain locations on your site and, as they’ll have antennas, they’ll track which direction your assets are moving in.

What this means is that if your equipment moves from one room to another, your asset management software will pick up on this and automatically log the change.

 

Handheld RFID Tracking

Handheld RFID asset tracking is similar but provides less automation.

You’ll use BlueTooth to link a third-party RFID scanner to your asset management software and track your assets by using the reader to scan RFID tags.
Again, this is helpful when you have high-value assets, for example, as you’ll be able to hide the tags in a way that you won’t with GPS tags, QR codes or barcodes.

GPS Asset Management

GPS provides you with different functionality than RFID asset tags. With GPS asset management, you’ll be able to track the locations of assets in real-time.

However, you may want to opt for periodic updates as GPS trackers are battery-powered. What this means is that the location of your equipment will update every hour instead of every set amount of minutes.

GPS trackers are rechargeable, so if you’re using GPS tracking for fleet management, you’ll be able to keep the GPS trackers plugged in.

Another benefit GPS trackers have over RFID tags is that they allow for geofencing. So, fixed RFID tracking will only pick up your equipment wherever there is a fixed RFID reader. If your equipment is going offsite, the risk of theft or loss is instantly higher.

GPS can reduce risks of theft, as you’ll get notified when a GPS tag leaves the location it’s supposed to be in.

 

GPS tracking

 

Which is Better, GPS or RFID?

Which is better will depend on your requirements. As the functionality they both provide is helpful for different reasons, your use case will dictate which type is more valuable.

If you’re in healthcare and are tracking hospital assets, for example, fixed RFID will be more applicable as your assets likely won’t leave the hospital often. If they are getting packed onto an ambulance, you’ll also be able to use fixed RFID to stocktake the ambulance’s supplies on the go.

If you’re in the construction industry, GPS tracking may be more helpful for you as theft on construction sites is a huge problem. Using GPS tracking provides you with a ROI by mitigating a different issue.

This is why itemit allows you to use both GPS and RFID tracking. As you can use our asset tracking software with different tracking capabilities, you’ll be able to tailor it to whatever will give you the highest Return On Investment Possible.

With itemit, you’ll be able to mix and match how you choose to track your assets. This means you’ll be able to use QR code asset tags, RFID tags, GPS tags, and barcodes. Therefore, you’ll be able to use GPS trackers on heavy, expensive equipment, RFID tags on high-value assets, metal QR codes on equipment that goes through wear and tear, and sticker tags on IT assets.

To find out more about itemit’s asset tracking suite, you can book a demo using the button below.

You can also contact us at team@itemit.com or by calling (+44) 01223 421611. You can also fill in the form below to start your 14-day free trial.

 

Why not check out these blogs?

How To Choose Fixed Asset Management Software

Why You Need Small Tool Tracking Software

How To Use Equipment Loan Management Software

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Beyond money saved, good inventory tracking makes operations smoother:

  • Faster picking and packing
  • Less time hunting for missing items
  • Better use of warehouse space
  • More productive employees
  • Smoother workflows between departments

These operational improvements create competitive advantages that make the inventory tracking process excellence a strategic asset.

Article by

Dr. Alex Wong is the CEO & Co-Founder of RedBite Solutions, a spin-out from the University of Cambridge and creators of itemit. For more than 2 decades, Alex’s innovations have disrupted industries and reimagined traditional solutions, delivering breakthrough results. A pioneer of the RFID EPC Network and IoT, Alex has shaped modern tracking technologies. RedBite powers the world’s largest RFID deployment across 60+ countries and launched itemit, a leading barcode, QR code, GPS & RFID SaaS tracking platform. Dr. Wong holds a PhD in Engineering from Cambridge and remains an embedded researcher, leading EU & Innovate UK projects to bridge research with real-world applications.

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Home 5 Asset Tagging 5 GPS Vs. RFID

Asset tracking providers often present customers with two primary options: GPS technology or QR codes. These technologies frequently compete for market share, with many businesses unaware that they can serve similar functions. However, QR codes typically outperform GPS in versatility and functionality.

For businesses maintaining ICT asset registers or monitoring vehicle fleets, understanding the strengths and limitations of each system matters.

Let's examine these technologies alongside newer options like RFID and NFC to help you make better decisions about asset management.

GPS Tracking Technology Explained

GPS has become commonplace for drivers navigating unfamiliar routes. This satellite-based technology constantly transmits signals to your device, pinpointing your exact location. For asset tracking, GPS functions similarly by showing where specific items are located.

An interesting historical note: GPS was first developed for military applications before becoming available for civilian and commercial use.

Companies typically deploy GPS tracking for vehicle fleets, though many organisations also use it to monitor warehouse assets that move between locations. For complete information about managing physical business property, our guide on Fixed Assets provides valuable insights.

GPS for Business Asset Tracking

GPS tracking offers several distinct advantages for business asset management:

  • Real-time monitoring: GPS provides location data without requiring staff intervention, reducing human error while enabling 24/7 surveillance.
  • Geographic precision: Modern GPS systems achieve accuracy within 3-5 meters, sufficient for most commercial applications.
  • Theft recovery: According to insurance industry data, the ability to track stolen equipment improves recovery rates by up to 85%.
  • Movement history: Most GPS platforms store historical movement data, allowing businesses to analyse usage patterns and optimise asset deployment.
  • Geofencing capabilities: Companies can establish virtual boundaries that trigger alerts when assets leave designated areas, enhancing security protocols.
GPS technology

However, GPS technology brings notable limitations for comprehensive asset management:

  • Update frequency constraints: Standard business GPS systems refresh every 10-15 minutes, creating blind spots in high-speed movement scenarios.
  • Battery dependency: Active GPS trackers require power sources, necessitating regular maintenance or charging cycles.
  • Signal interference issues: GPS performance deteriorates inside buildings, underground locations, or areas with heavy concrete or metal infrastructure.
  • Implementation costs: Quality GPS hardware typically costs $50-300 per unit plus ongoing subscription fees ranging from $10-25 monthly per device.
  • Size and attachment challenges: GPS trackers remain too bulky for smaller assets and require secure mounting systems to prevent removal.
  • Limited data capacity: Unlike tag-based alternatives, GPS primarily delivers location data without storing extensive asset details.

These constraints explain why many operations managers complement GPS with alternative asset tracking tags that address these limitations. For stationary assets or equipment housed primarily indoors, passive tracking systems often deliver better value and functionality.

QR Code Technology

QR (Quick Response) codes resemble traditional barcodes but store significantly more information in their square matrix pattern. Nearly any smartphone or tablet can scan and interpret QR codes within seconds, making them highly accessible.

QR codes have quietly integrated into daily life—restaurants place them on tables for digital menus, theatres use them for seat-based ordering, and marketers embed them in advertisements for instant website access.

Like GPS, QR codes help monitor asset registers and track locations. However, they offer expanded functionality beyond simple location data. For those building IT equipment inventories, What is an IT Asset Register? explains key implementation concepts.

QR Codes in Practice

For businesses implementing QR code asset management, several key advantages emerge:

  • Information density: A single QR code can store up to 4,296 alphanumeric characters, enabling comprehensive asset profiles including serial numbers, purchase dates, warranty information, maintenance histories, and responsible departments.
  • Cost efficiency: QR labels cost between $0.05 and $0.30 per unit with no recurring fees, representing 70-95% cost savings compared to active tracking technologies.
  • Implementation simplicity: Deployment requires minimal technical expertise—standard label printers generate QR codes that attach via adhesive backing or cable ties.
  • Device compatibility: Over 97% of modern smartphones can scan QR codes without additional hardware or specialised apps.
  • Customisation options: Enterprise QR solutions allow for custom branding, colour-coding by department, and tamper-evident features.
  • Dynamic updating: Cloud-connected QR systems enable real-time information updates without replacing physical tags.

Integration capabilities: Modern QR systems integrate with ERP, CMMS, and accounting software through standard APIs, creating unified data ecosystems.

QR system

However, QR technology presents several notable limitations:

  • Scan dependency: QR codes remain passive—they require manual scanning rather than automatically broadcasting locations.
  • Line-of-sight requirement: Tags must be visible and accessible to be scanned, which can be challenging for assets in hard-to-reach locations.
  • Environmental vulnerabilities: Standard QR labels can degrade from UV exposure, abrasion, or harsh chemicals, though industrial-grade options mitigate this issue.
  • Security considerations: Public QR codes can be replaced or duplicated without sophisticated tampering detection, creating potential security vulnerabilities.
  • Process reliance: Effectiveness depends entirely on consistent scanning protocols and staff compliance.
  • Location triangulation limits: Without supplementary technologies, QR codes cannot provide autonomous location data.

To address these limitations, many organisations implement hybrid systems where QR codes work alongside checkpoint scanners at entry/exit points or integrate with Wi-Fi positioning systems for approximate indoor location data. This approach balances QR's information richness with improved location awareness without the full cost of active GPS or RFID asset tags.

RFID and NFC: Advanced Asset Tracking Alternatives

RFID vs NFC technologies represent sophisticated alternatives to traditional tracking methods, each with distinct operational characteristics:

RFID Technology Specifications

RFID asset tags operate through radio frequency identification in three primary frequency ranges:

  • Low Frequency (LF, 125-134 kHz): 10cm read range, slower data transmission, excellent performance around metals and liquids, commonly used for animal tracking and access control
  • High Frequency (HF, 13.56 MHz): 10-30cm read range, moderate data speeds, used extensively in library books, pharmaceuticals, and payment cards
  • Ultra-High Frequency (UHF, 856-960 MHz): 3-15m read range, fastest data transmission, susceptible to interference from liquids and metals, widely deployed in supply chain tracking and retail inventory

RFID implementation offers distinct advantages:

  • Batch scanning capability: A single reader can simultaneously capture 200+ tags per second, reducing inventory time by up to 95% compared to barcode methods
  • Non-line-of-sight reading: Tags function even when covered, dirty, or embedded within products
  • Durability: Industrial-grade tags withstand temperatures from -40°F to 400°F, chemical exposure, and mechanical stress
  • Data security: Enterprise RFID systems employ encryption standards like AES-128 to prevent unauthorised access
  • Automated inventory: Fixed RFID portals at entry/exit points create autonomous tracking without human intervention

Hardware costs present the primary barrier to RFID adoption:

  • Tag costs: $0.10-$0.50 for passive paper tags; $2-$25 for hardened industrial tags
  • Reader costs: $500-$2,000 for handheld units; $1,500-$5,000 for fixed portal readers
  • Infrastructure costs: Enterprise implementations typically require middleware ($5,000-$25,000) plus integration services

NFC Technology Applications

RFID asset tags operate through radio frequency identification in three primary frequency ranges:

  • Low Frequency (LF, 125-134 kHz): 10cm read range, slower data transmission, excellent performance around metals and liquids, commonly used for animal tracking and access control
  • High Frequency (HF, 13.56 MHz): 10-30cm read range, moderate data speeds, used extensively in library books, pharmaceuticals, and payment cards
  • Ultra-High Frequency (UHF, 856-960 MHz): 3-15m read range, fastest data transmission, susceptible to interference from liquids and metals, widely deployed in supply chain tracking and retail inventory

RFID implementation offers distinct advantages:

  • Batch scanning capability: A single reader can simultaneously capture 200+ tags per second, reducing inventory time by up to 95% compared to barcode methods
  • Non-line-of-sight reading: Tags function even when covered, dirty, or embedded within products
  • Durability: Industrial-grade tags withstand temperatures from -40°F to 400°F, chemical exposure, and mechanical stress
  • Data security: Enterprise RFID systems employ encryption standards like AES-128 to prevent unauthorised access
  • Automated inventory: Fixed RFID portals at entry/exit points create autonomous tracking without human intervention

Hardware costs present the primary barrier to RFID adoption:

  • Tag costs: $0.10-$0.50 for passive paper tags; $2-$25 for hardened industrial tags
  • Reader costs: $500-$2,000 for handheld units; $1,500-$5,000 for fixed portal readers
  • Infrastructure costs: Enterprise implementations typically require middleware ($5,000-$25,000) plus integration services

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